The Short Answer

CFM (cubic feet per minute) measures the volume of air an exhaust fan can move per minute. For bathroom ventilation, the HVI standard recommends 1 CFM per square foot of bathroom area for bathrooms under 100 sq ft, with a minimum of 50 CFM. For bathrooms over 100 sq ft, calculate by fixture: 50 CFM per toilet, 50 CFM per shower, 100 CFM per jetted tub. A large master bath with multiple fixtures may need 200-300 CFM. Undersized fans run constantly and still fail to adequately control moisture.

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